Ezi meko zimbini zilandelayo zizisebenzisa njani ii-bonded warehouses ukusombulula imingeni yokunikezela ngeenkonzo kunye nokufezekisa ukunciphisa iindleko kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle?
Ityala Lokuqala:Inkampani A yinkampani yeenkonzo zobuchwepheshe ezisaqalayo eceba ukwandisa ishishini lokuthengisa ngaphandle kwamanye amazwe kodwa ijongene nemiba ephambili elandelayo:
1. Akukho lungelo lokuthengisa ngaphandle (ilungelo lokuzibandakanya kwimisebenzi yokuthumela ngaphandle): Ayikwazi ukubhengeza ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle okanye ukuphatha izaphulelo zerhafu ngegama layo, nto leyo ethintela uphuhliso lweshishini.
2. Ubungakanani beshishini obuncinci nobungazinzanga: Iiodolo zisasazekile, zineentlobo ngeentlobo kunye neebhetshi ezincinci, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima ukwakha iqela lokuthumela impahla kwamanye amazwe ngaphakathi.
3. Abasebenzi abangonelanga: Uswele abasebenzi abaziingcali kurhwebo lwangaphandle, ukuvakaliswa kwerhafu, amaxwebhu, kunye nokucutshungulwa kotshintshiselwano lwangaphandle.
4. Uxinzelelo lokulawula iindleko eziphezulu: Ukuba imodeli yendabuko yokuthumela ngaphandle eqhutywa ngumntu ngokwakhe iyasetyenziswa, iindleko zokuthenga ziphezulu, kwaye iindleko zokusebenza kunzima ukuzithwala.
Inkampani A yamkele imodeli yorhwebo lwangaphandle olunempahla ekhanyayo ye-“Bonded Warehouse + Entrepot Trade”, nto leyo eyenza inkampani ikwazi ukuqalisa ngokukhawuleza ishishini lokuthumela ngaphandle kwaye ifezekise ukuphuculwa kwekhonkco lokubonelela ngempahla kunye nocwangciso lwerhafu.
I. Iingenelo Ezintathu Eziphambili Zale Modeli:
1.Isemthethweni kwaye ihambelanayo: Isebenzisa urhwebo lwe-entrepot kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo yesaphulelo serhafu yokuthumela ngaphandle yaseTshayina ukuze iphephe ukungabikho kwelungelo lokuthumela ngaphandle (ilungelo lokuzibandakanya kwimisebenzi yokuthumela ngaphandle).
2. Ezoqoqosho Nezokusebenza: Inciphisa iindleko zokuthenga (ababoneleli baxhamla kwizaphulelo zerhafu) kwaye yonga abasebenzi kunye neendleko zokusebenza.
3. Umngcipheko Olawulekayo: Iinkampani zobungcali zisingatha iinkqubo ezintsonkothileyo, zisasaza iingozi zekhredithi kunye nokutshintshiselana ngemali yangaphandle.
Umsebenzi ophambili wale modeli idibeneyo kukudala uthungelwano lokubonelela oluguquguqukayo nokuphucula amandla enkonzo yabathengi. Esi sisisombululo sendlela yorhwebo lwangaphandle esilula, esingabizi kakhulu, esiqala ngokukhawuleza, esithobela imithetho, nesithembekileyo, ngakumbi esifanelekileyo kumashishini orhwebo lwangaphandle aqalayo.
Ityala lesiBini: Inkampani B lishishini elikhulu elineefektri zaphesheya. Libandakanyeka ekuthengweni kwezindlu zasekhaya kwezinto ezahlukeneyo kunye neenxalenye, ezithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe ukuze zihlanganiswe. Ubunzima obujongene nabo buquka ukwanda okukhulu komthwalo wabasebenzi bokubhengeza irhafu yempahla kunye nokunyuka ngaxeshanye komthwalo wokulungiswa kwerhafu yezemali yokuthumela ngaphandle.
Inkampani B isebenzise icebo elidibeneyo le-“Bonded Warehouse” kunye ne-“Entrepot Trade” ukuze kufezekiswe ukunciphisa iindleko, ukuphucula uthungelwano lokubonelela, kunye nokucwangciswa kwerhafu yenkampani.
I. Iingenelo Ezintathu Eziphambili Zale Modeli:
1. Ukwenziwa lula okubalulekileyo komthwalo womsebenzi wokubhengeza iSiko:
● Isibhengezo Esidibeneyo: Ababoneleli banokuhambisa izinto kwiNdawo eQinisekisiweyo yeBond (impahla yasekhaya engena kuloo ndawo ithathwa njengokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, kodwa iinkqubo zokwaziswa kwerhafu zenziwa lula). INkampani B ingadibanisa iimpahla ezivela kubaboneleli abaninzi ngokusekelwe kwisicwangciso semveliso somzi-mveliso waphesheya, yenze isibhengezo serhafu sexesha elinye sokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, nto leyo enciphisa kakhulu ukuphindaphindeka kwezibhengezo.
● Ukuhamba Ngokukhululekileyo Kwindawo: Ukugcinwa, ukujikeleza, ukuhlelwa, kunye nokupakishwa kweempahla kwiNdawo eQhelekileyo eneeBondi akudingi ukuvakaliswa kwerhafu, nto leyo enciphisa kakhulu imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla yokuvakaliswa kwerhafu.
2. Izaphulelo zeRhafu yoThumelo oluThunyelwayo olukhawulezileyo nolukhawulezileyo:
● Isaphulelo xa ungena: Nje ukuba iimpahla zabathengisi basekhaya zingene kwiComprehensive Bonded Zone, zithathwa njengezithunyelwe kwamanye amazwe. Inkampani B ingafaka isicelo ngoko nangoko sesaphulelo serhafu yokuthumela ngaphandle i-VAT ngokusekelwe kumaxwebhu okwazisa ukungena, ngaphandle kokulinda ukuba iimpahla ziphume kweli lizwe ngokwasemzimbeni. Oku kuqhubela phambili inkqubo yesaphulelo, kuphucula ukuhamba kwemali, kwaye ngaxeshanye kunciphisa uxinzelelo lomsebenzi kwisebe lezemali ekulindeni nasekulandeleni amaxwebhu.
● Ulawulo lwamaxwebhu olulula: Inkqubo yesaphulelo yahlulwe kwinqanaba lokugqibela lokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, nto leyo eyenza amaxwebhu acace ngakumbi kwaye kube lula ukuwalawula.
3. Ulawulo lweempahla kunye nokuphuculwa koSasazo:
● Seka iZiko loSasazo lweSithili: Seka iziko lokugcina izinto ngaphakathi kwiNdawo eQokelelweyo eBonded ukuze kwenziwe usasazo lwe-JIT (Just-In-Time) ngokwesicwangciso sokudibanisa umzi-mveliso waphesheya, nto leyo ephucula ukusabela kwekhonkco lonikezelo.
● Nciphisa Iindleko ze-Oda yoNgxamiseko: Ukuba umzi-mveliso waphesheya kwezilwandle uneemfuno ezingxamisekileyo, iimpahla zingathunyelwa ngokukhawuleza zisuka kwindawo yokugcina impahla, kuthintelwe iindleko zothutho ezikhawulezileyo kunye nokulibaziseka kwexesha okunxulunyaniswa nokuthunyelwa ngqo okuvela eTshayina.
II. Ixabiso leSicwangciso eliziswa kwiNkampani:
1. Ukuphucula iindleko:
● Ugcino oluBondiweyo: Iimpahla azihlawuliswa rhafu kunye neerhafu ezinxulumene nokungeniswa kwempahla ngaphandle ngexesha lokugcinwa ngaphakathi kwendawo, nto leyo enciphisa ukuhlala kwempahla enkulu.
● Ukudibanisa iiLogistics: Kuvumela ukuhlanganiswa kweempahla ezivela kwiiodolo ezininzi kunye nababoneleli abaninzi ukuze kwabelwane ngeekhonteyina, kunciphisa iindleko zelojistiki zamazwe ngamazwe.
2. Ulwandiso lweModeli yeShishini:
● Ukulungiswa noVavanyo: Ingenza iinkonzo zokulungisa izixhobo ezingeniswe ngaphakathi kweli candelo, okanye yenze uvavanyo lwasemva kokuthengisa kwiimveliso ezithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, yandisa umda wenkonzo.
● Ukucubungula okulula: Ukuba kufuneka ukuhlanganiswa okulula, ukulebhelisha, njl.njl., ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, zingenziwa ngaphakathi kwendawo, zonwabele imigaqo-nkqubo edibeneyo.
3. Ulawulo loMngcipheko kunye nokuThotyelwa kweMithetho:
● Ukwahlulwa kweengozi zeRhafu: Iimpahla zigqibezela ukuvakaliswa kweempahla ngaphandle xa zingena kuloo ndawo. Imisebenzi elandelayo yokuthumela impahla ngaphandle izimele, nto leyo enciphisa umngcipheko wokuba izaphulelo zizonke zichaphazeleke yimiba kwinqanaba lokugqibela lokuthumela impahla ngaphandle.
● Ukuthobela Umthetho Okuphuculweyo: Njengendawo ekhethekileyo yokujonga irhafu, i-Comprehensive Bonded Zone isebenza phantsi komzekelo wolawulo olumiselweyo, inceda amashishini ukuphucula amanqanaba okuthobela urhwebo ngokubanzi.
Kwiimodeli zoshishino ezifana ne-“domestic procurement, i-overseas assembly” yeNkampani B, ukusebenzisa i-Comprehensive Bonded Zone njengendawo ephambili kwi-international supply chain akusiyo nje indlela yokujongana noxinzelelo lomsebenzi wangoku. Luyilo olucwangcisiweyo lokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-supply chain yehlabathi, ukuphucula izakhiwo zezimali nezerhafu, kunye nokuxhasa ukwandiswa kweshishini ixesha elide. Ingaguqula umsebenzi werhafu kunye nesaphulelo owawuqhekekile ekuqaleni, ophindaphindwa rhoqo, othwala umthwalo ophezulu kunye nomsebenzi wesaphulelo ube yimisebenzi ephakathi, esebenzayo, neqikelelwayo, enika ixabiso elibalulekileyo!
Ixesha leposi: Disemba-08-2025